Berdasarkan survei yang dilakukan Expat Insider 2022 dijelaskan bahwa Indonesia menduduki peringkat kedua negara terbaik untuk ekspatriat setelah Meksiko menduduki posisi pertama. Hal ini dibuktikan berdasarkan informasi Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan (Kemenaker) bahwa jumlah Tenaga Kerja Asing (TKA) atau ekspatriat di Indonesia pada tahun 2022 mencapai 111.537 orang pekerja. Jumlah ini meningkat 26,36% dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya sebanyak 88.271 pekerja. Asal TKA ke Indonesia digolongkan sebagai berikut:
| Negara | Tenaga Kerja Asing 2022 | Proyek Investasi dan Peringkat 2022 |
| Cina | 52.973 | 2.117 (4 th ) |
| Jepang | 11.152 | 4.220 ( 2 ) |
| Korea Selatan | 10.007 | 2.907 ( ke- 3 ) |
| India | 6.997 | 739 ( ke -12 ) |
| Malaysia | 4.431 | 1.551 (6 th ) |
| Filipina | 4.284 | 56 (36 th ) |
| Amerika Serikat | 2.174 | 1036 (9 th ) |
| Australia | 1.939 | 982 (10 th ) |
| Britania Raya | 1.893 | 908 (11 th ) |
| Singapura | 1.534 | 7960 ( pertama ) |
| Yang lain | 14.153 | 10.205 |
| Total | 111.537 | 32.681 |
Most of Foreign Workers to Indonesia were from China, Japan and South Korea. It corresponded with investment from those countries that reach amongst the highest to Indonesia. According to Indonesia’s Central Bureau of Statistics record, these three countries along with Singapore are having the most direct investment in Indonesia by projects. Therefore, it is more likely to find jobs as a citizen of these countries compared to others because investment projects from these countries are quite abundant and give more opportunity for their citizens to work abroad. The list of countries by their direct investment projects in Indonesia for year 2023 is detailed in the attachment to show how much each country has investment projects in Indonesia and consideration for expatriates how much opportunity they could grasp in Indonesia provided by their respective country’s projects. Other than that, there are several multinational companies in Indonesia that might become consideration for expatriate to apply employment in Indonesia including:
| Adidas | McDonald’s | HSBC | Danone | Mondelez | L’Oreal | Allianz |
| Asus | Nestle | Toyota | KFC | P&G | Lotte | Schnieder |
| Nike | LG | Oil Companies | International Banks | Consulting Companies | So many more |
Average income of Expats in Indonesia
In hiring foreign workers, there is no regulation regarding minimum wage for expatriates, it depends on the company that morally has to comply at least with the regional minimum wage in providing wage to expatriate/foreign worker. The regional minimum wage in Indonesia, some of it will be detailed in another article titled “Consideration for being Expatriate in Indonesia: Establish Business.”
Although, if a business entity does not provide any record regarding wage on expatriate or foreign workers, Indonesian government as in Directorate of General Taxes has guidance for tax officers to determine the wage standard of expatriates to be calculated for taxation purpose only. It is stated in the Decision of The Director General of Taxes Number 173 of 2002 regarding Guidance of Foreign Worker Wage Standard that mention several wages according to Expatriate country of origin and level of position. Therefore this guidance along with regional minimum wage might become reference for expatriate in bargaining for determine their wage from the employer. Below is the detailed of Decision of The Director General of Taxes Number 173 of 2002 (Per month in United States dollars rate May 2002):
Working Permit
Every employer who employs foreigners is required to obtain written permission from the Ministry of Manpower (Work Permit). The following is the procedure for obtaining a work permit in Indonesia:
The license is held by the sponsoring company:
- Plans for Using Foreign Workers;
- Telex Vitas; dan
- Permit to Recruit Foreign Workers (Permit to Employ Foreign Workers).
Permits owned by employed foreigners:
- Limited Stay Visa (Limited Stay Permit Card);
- Multiple Exit/Re-Entry Permits (MERP);
- Registration Letter (Report Certificate);
- Certificate of Temporary Resident Registration;
- Entry Permit (Immigrant Permit Card); And
- Statement of arrival report (Arrival Report).
Data that must be provided by the sponsoring company at the beginning of the procedure includes: (1) the name of the sponsoring company, (2) the company’s business address, (3) the name of the person in charge of the company; (4) expatriate work; (5) expatriate job description; (6) Number of foreign workers; (7) Expatriate workplaces; (8) Expatriate working period; (9) Salary of foreign workers; (10) Get to work; (11) The number of Indonesian workers employed by the sponsoring company; (12) Appointment of Indonesian workers as assistants to foreigners; and (13) Indonesian workforce training program.
Special Skills or special professions recognized/required by Indonesia
Skills that must be owned by expatriates in Indonesia, among others:
- Digital literacy
Digital literacy is very important in the technological era. Digital literacy means knowledge and skills in the digital world. For example, things around basic technology such as communication programs, collaboration tools, and software such as Microsoft Office, as well as in terms of technology and software specific to specific devices.
The development of the digital world, more and more companies will adopt technology for various fields of work. Therefore, digital literacy is important to have in order to compete in the world of work. Digital literacy can be started by utilizing social media by following accounts that can add insight into today’s technology.
- Sales skills and how to influence customers
The digital world also influences how the marketing concept begins to change. One of them is the ability to introduce or sell products with ideas that are relevant to target customers.
- Data-driven decision-making
Companies are increasingly making decisions and creating strategies based on data. This can also be applied to each individual, to make decisions in work based on data.
Today, there are more sophisticated and more accessible data analytics tools, enabling almost any professional to use data to make informed decisions.
- Have a new point of view
Innovative thinking is needed in the world of work. In short, this kind of thinking always has a new perspective that can help companies become better. This kind of perspective is the foundation for change, progress, and new ways of dealing with old challenges.
- Relationship management
Relationship management means the skills of individuals to collaborate, teamwork, and ultimately be able to influence across different cultures, departments and demographics in any company and any team. The human aspect of relationship management will ensure that these skills remain essential as different types of digital transformation evolve. This ability can be trained by joining organizations, joining communities, expanding your network of friends, happy to have discussions, and so on.
TBrights is an integrated business service in Indonesia that will assist you to settle and grasp a lot of opportunities in Indonesia.
By Olina Rizki Arizal
Partner
Referensi:
https://flip.id/blog/keuntungan-kerja-sama-dengan-ekspatriat-di-indonesia
https://humas.amikompurwokerto.ac.id/4-hal-penting-tentang-izin-kerja-ekspatriat-indonesia/
https://www.linovhr.com/standar-gaji-tenaga-kerja-asing-di-indonesia/#/top
https://lifepal.co.id/media/perusahan-multinasional/
https://nswi.bkpm.go.id/data_statistik
Attachments
Foreign Direct Investment to Indonesia in 2023 by Country’s Projects
| 2023 | Projects |
| Singapura / Singapore | 7.839 |
| Jepang / Japan | 3.890 |
| Korea Selatan / South Korea | 3.071 |
| R.R. Tiongkok / People’s Republic of China | 2.362 |
| Hongkong, RRT / Hong Kong (SAR) | 1.578 |
| Malaysia / Malaysia | 1.530 |
| Belanda / Netherlands | 1.384 |
| Perancis / France | 1.261 |
| Australia / Australia | 1.014 |
| Amerika Serikat / United States of America | 988 |
| Rusia / Russia | 849 |
| Inggris / United Kingdom | 832 |
| India / India | 727 |
| Jerman / Germany | 623 |
| Taiwan / Taiwan | 467 |
| Kepulauan Virgin Inggris / British Virgin Islands | 413 |
| Italia / Italy | 377 |
| Swiss / Switzerland | 340 |
| Yaman / Yemen | 329 |
| Thailand / Thailand | 247 |
| Spanyol / Spain | 228 |
| Belgia / Belgium | 215 |
| Kepulauan Cayman / Cayman Island | 206 |
| Kanada / Canada | 162 |
| Selandia Baru / New Zealand | 144 |
| Luxembourg / Luxembourg | 124 |
| Uni Emirat Arab / United Arab Emirates | 117 |
| Swedia / Sweden | 107 |
| Pakistan / Pakistan | 107 |
| Ukraina / Ukraine | 104 |
| Saudi Arabia / Saudi Arabia | 102 |
| Denmark / Denmark | 93 |
| Mauritius / Mauritius | 82 |
| Samoa Barat / Western Samoa | 77 |
| Turki / Turkey | 63 |
| Seychelles / Seychelles | 62 |
| Polandia / Poland | 59 |
| Suriname / | 56 |
| Irlandia / Ireland | 53 |
| Ceko / Czech | 53 |
| Austria / Austria | 52 |
| Yordania / Jordan | 50 |
| Lithuania / | 49 |
| Rumania / Rumania | 49 |
| Philipina / The Philippines | 48 |
| Portugal / Portugal | 44 |
| Brasil / Brazil | 42 |
| Bermuda / Bermuda | 38 |
| Norwegia / Norway | 36 |
| Mesir / Egypt | 36 |
| Afrika Selatan / South Africa | 35 |
| Finlandia / Finland | 29 |
| Bulgaria / Bulgarium | 23 |
| Kepulauan Marshall / Marshall Islands | 23 |
| Chili / | 23 |
| Eswatini / Eswatini | 22 |
| Meksiko / Mexico | 21 |
| Hungaria / Hungary | 20 |
| Samoa Amerika / American Samoa | 20 |
| Lebanon / Lebanon | 20 |
| Slovakia / Slovakia | 19 |
| Vietnam / Vietnam | 16 |
| Siprus / Cyprus | 15 |
| Estonia / | 13 |
| Argentina / Argentina | 13 |
| Yunani / Greece | 12 |
| Anguilla / | 12 |
| Liberia / Liberia | 12 |
| Maroko / Marocco | 11 |
| Bangladesh / Bangladesh | 10 |
| Irak / Irak | 10 |
| Sudan / Sudan | 10 |
| Slovenia / Slovenia | 9 |
| Latvia / | 9 |
| Belarusia / | 8 |
| Iran / Iran | 8 |
| Palestina / Palestine | 8 |
| Brunei Darussalam / Brunei Darrussalam | 8 |
| Kuwait / Kuwait | 8 |
| Gibraltar / Gibraltar | 7 |
| Armenia / | 6 |
| Kepulauan Cook / Cook Islands | 6 |
| Bahama / Bahamas | 6 |
| Qatar / Qatar | 6 |
| Moldova / Moldova | 5 |
| Peru / | 5 |
| Kolumbia / | 5 |
| Panama / Panama | 5 |
| Aljazair / Algeria | 5 |
| Sri Lanka / Sri Lanka | 4 |
| Tunisia / | 4 |
| Namibia / Namibia | 4 |
| Islandia / Iceland | 3 |
| Malta / | 3 |
| Serbia / Republic of Serbia | 3 |
| Bosnia dan Herzegovina / | 3 |
| Suriah / Syria | 3 |
| Afghanistan / Afghanistan | 3 |
| Libya / Libya | 3 |
| Jamaica / | 2 |
| Makao / Macau | 2 |
| Maladewa / | 2 |
| Bahrain / Bahrain | 2 |
| Senegal / | 2 |
| Kenya / Kenya | 2 |
| Monaco / | 1 |
| Albania / | 1 |
| Kroasia / | 1 |
| Costa Rica / Costa Rica | 1 |
| Belize / | 1 |
| Venezuela / | 1 |
| Dominika / Dominica | 1 |
| Kazakhstan / Kazakhstan | 1 |
| Nepal / Nepal | 1 |
| Uzbekistan / | 1 |
| Nigeria / Nigeria | 1 |
| Siera Leone / Siera Leone | 1 |
| Zimbabwe / | 1 |
